The two leaders also talked about security in the Indo-Pacific region and opportunities to strengthen business ties between Poland and India during their more than hourlong meeting at Warsaw's Belweder Palace, the Polish President's Office said.
Modi's visit to the Polish capital coincided with the 70th anniversary of diplomatic relations between the two countries.
Earlier in the day, the Indian leader met with Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk to discuss ways to deepen ties in areas such as defence and security as well as India's possible role in achieving peace in Ukraine, public broadcaster Polish Radio’s IAR news agency reported.
Modi was the first Indian prime minister to visit Poland in 45 years and the first since the fall of communist rule in the central European country.
During his visit, Poland and India signed a comprehensive strategic partnership agreement, encompassing political, business, scientific and cultural relations, according to Polish Deputy Foreign Minister Władysław Teofil Bartoszewski.
After his meetings in Warsaw, Modi was expected to head to Kyiv for talks with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky.
Modi said in an X post that India was "particularly keen to deepen linkages in areas such as food processing, urban infrastructure, renewable energy and AI."
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Source: PAP