In justifying the sentence, the judge Paweł Suski, drew attention to the timing of the attack - in the lead-up to Easter and the anniversary of John Paul II's death.
The manner of of the act strongly suggest the student was aiming to express criticism of John Paul II and not merely vandalise the monument. The hands were painted red, suggesting guilt, and the phrase "Maxima Culpa" refers to the book by Ekke Overbeek "Maxima Culpa - John Paul II knew".
Sources: PAP, Gazeta Wyborcza, X
pt