The study, presented alongside Press Club Poland, analysed 520,000 social media posts about Ukraine published in May 2026, which generated 7.76 million reactions and comments.
The report shows that posts favourable to Ukrainians have almost vanished, dropping to roughly one in a thousand.
By the end of May, one in five posts was critical of Ukraine – up from one in seven at the start of the month.
Analysts say they have not seen week-on-week growth of this scale since February 2022.
What provokes Polish internet users most is not the ongoing Russian war in Ukraine but historical grievances and neighbourly tensions.
The single biggest spike came when President Volodymyr Zelensky named a military unit after "Heroes of the UPA" – Ukrainian nationalist forces responsible for the Volhynia massacre of Poles during World War Two.
That decision generated 247,000 posts in a single week, more than the three previous weeks combined.
Researchers noted it was the first time the UPA dispute had united voices from across the political spectrum against Ukraine.
Konfederacja blamed for half of anti-Ukrainian anger online
The report, however, singles out the far-right Konfederacja party as responsible for generating more than half of all anti-Ukrainian anger online, introducing a new inflammatory topic each week.
These have ranged from healthcare access for Ukrainian refugees to residency applications and funding disputes.
"Right-wing politicians today see that the only fertiliser giving them reach and views are anti-Ukrainian topics," said Michał Fedorowicz of Res Futura.
"That's when they get more likes, more comments, more shares."
He added that since August 2025, any Polish content creator publishing anti-Ukrainian material sees a clear boost in their engagement metrics.
Res Futura, which also monitors Russian and Belarusian information spaces, warned the trend amounts to a dream scenario for Moscow.
Russian troll farms, Fedorowicz said, "practically have no work to do" on Polish social media anymore as most negative content is now being generated organically.
Analysts cautioned that while previous controversies faded within a week or two, each left behind a residue of distrust.
(ał)
Source: PAP