France's Camille Jedrzejewski took the silver, while Ukraine's Olena Kostevych claimed the bronze, broadcaster TVP Sport reported.
Earlier in the day, Poland's Karolina Naja, Anna Puławska, Adrianna Kąkol and Dominika Putto won the gold in the women's K4 500m kayaking event, and countrymen Norman Zezula and Aleksander Kitewski took the bronze in the men's canoe double 500 metres competition at the continental Games in southern Poland.
A total of 370 Polish athletes, 188 men and 182 women, are vying for medals at the 3rd European Games, which opened in the southern Polish city of Kraków on Wednesday and run until July 2.
Polish athletes are competing in sports including track-and-field, badminton, beach handball and climbing, officials have said.
The European Games feature 12 days of competition in 29 sports and provide opportunities to win European championship medals and a pathway to qualify for the 2024 Olympic Games in some of the sports.
Polish Sports Minister Kamil Bortniczuk said earlier this week that Poland was aiming to top the medals table of the Games.
"We set ourselves ambitious goals," Bortniczuk said. "We hope to finish top of the medal standings."
More than 7,000 athletes from 48 countries are expected to take part in the event, which is taking place at 25 venues in Kraków and 12 other southern Polish cities, including Chorzów, Tarnów, Nowy Sącz, Nowy Targ and Zakopane.
Poland won 14 medals, three gold, one silver and 10 bronze, at the 2nd European Games in Minsk, Belarus in 2019.
Team Poland scooped 20 medals, two gold, eight silver and 10 bronze, at the 1st European Games in Baku, Azerbaijan, in 2015.
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Source: PAP, TVP Sport