Four people were killed and 23 injured across Kyiv in the attack.
The strikes drew widespread condemnation, with Ukraine's foreign minister saying Russian President Vladimir Putin had "forever put his name on the list of history’s worst barbarians."
The attacks came as President Volodymyr Zelensky said he had spoken to Donald Trump about ending the more than four-year conflict, ahead of a G7 meeting in France this week.
Heart of Orthodox Christianity
Founded in 1051, the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra has been a preeminent centre of Eastern Orthodox Christianity in Eastern Europe for nearly a thousand years and is one of the faith's most revered sites.
Its influence on Orthodox Christianity across the region predates that of Moscow, which later absorbed and appropriated much of that heritage.
The monastery's control became a flashpoint after Russia's full-scale invasion.
In early 2023, Ukraine terminated the lease of the Russian-affiliated Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate, which had occupied the site since the fall of the USSR.
The move paved the way for the independent Orthodox Church of Ukraine to take over the complex.
Zelensky called the monastery strike "one of Russia's most serious crimes against Christian culture to date" and urged G7 countries to increase pressure on Moscow and boost Ukraine's air defences.
Ukraine's Prime Minister Yulia Svyrydenko called it "a brutal assault on our people and our heritage."
The French foreign minister described the attack on the monastery as comparable to bombing the iconic Notre Dame cathedral in Paris.
According to officials, Russia fired 70 missiles and 611 drones at Ukraine overnight.
Ukrainian air defences shot down 50 missiles and 582 drones, the military said.
The remaining strikes hit several high-rise apartment buildings and damaged electricity lines, leaving around 140,000 residents without power.
Poland, an EU and NATO member, briefly scrambled fighter jets over a possible airspace incursion before standing the alert down, saying no violation had been recorded.
Five emergency service rescuers were killed and at least five more injured after a Russian strike hit Kharkiv, Ukraine's second-largest city.
In Russia, three people were killed and three others, including a one-year-old child, were wounded in a Ukrainian drone strike on Tula, south of Moscow, the regional governor said.
Ukraine also struck two bridges connecting Russia-annexed Crimea to Russian-controlled territory overnight, aiming to cut off supply routes to the peninsula, which is already facing a fuel crisis.
Before his call with Trump, Zelensky had proposed direct ceasefire talks with Putin involving the US and Europe, a move backed by Britain, Germany and France but rejected by the Kremlin.
(ał)
Source: PAP, Reuters