The 32-year-old, who rides for the UAE-Team Emirates team, won the 15th leg of this year's race, crossing the finish line alone after he broke away from the main pack in tough mountain terrain.
He completed the 197.5 km route from Navalmoral de la Mata to El Barraco in 4 hours 51 minutes and 36 seconds.
Steven Kruijswijk of the Netherlands came home second 1 minute and 27 seconds behind, and Australia's Chris Hamilton finished third on Sunday.
"Today I tried from the start to the end," Poland's Majka was quoted as saying after the race. "I wanted to win the stage for my father and my two kids.”
Rafał Majka celebrates his win of stage 15 in the 2021 La Vuelta on Sunday. Photo: EPA/Manuel Bruque
This marked the second time Majka took a stage victory at the Vuelta a España. The Polish rider previously won a stage ending at Sierra de La Pandera in 2017.
In 2015, he finished third overall in the prestigious race in Spain.
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Source: PAP, onet.pl