The Polish world No. 1 won in straight sets, 6-2 6-1, dominating the 67th-ranked Slovak in all aspects of the game, broadcaster Eurosport reported.
Her bronze marked Poland's fourth medal at the Paris 2024 Olympics.
Świątek secured the bronze after being beaten by Qinwen Zheng of China in the semifinals the day before.
Zheng will face Croatia's Donna Vekić in the gold medal match on Saturday.
Świątek, who won her fourth French Open title in June, left many fans disillusioned with her semifinal loss as they had hoped she would win Poland's first Olympic gold at the Paris Games.
Photo: EPA/CAROLINE BLUMBERG
At the Tokyo 2020 Games, the Pole was eliminated in the second round of the women's singles by Paula Badosa of Spain.
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Source: TVP, IAR, PAP