The medal earned by Justyna Święty-Ersetic, Aleksandra Formella, Anastazja Kuś and Anna Maria Gryc was Team Poland's only podium finish at the global event in China.
Sprinter Ewa Swoboda narrowly missed a medal in the women's 60m, finishing fourth in Sunday's final with a time of 7.09 seconds.
Pia Skrzyszowska also fell just short of bronze in the women's 60m hurdles, despite setting a national record of 7.74 seconds.
Poland's 14-member team for Nanjing included European indoor champions Jakub Szymański and Anna Wielgosz, but neither managed to reach the podium.
Nearly 600 athletes from 127 countries competed at the championships, held from March 21 to 23.
Earlier this month, Team Poland won four medals—two gold, one silver, and one bronze—at the 2025 European Athletics Indoor Championships in Apeldoorn, Netherlands.
Szymański took gold in the men's 60m hurdles, while Wielgosz won the women's 800m.
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Source: TVP, PAP, pzla.pl