Launched on May 13 and on show until June 3, the display features exhibits related to expeditions in which Rutkiewicz participated.
It also includes photos taken by her companions, along with original documents, such as letters in which she described her climbs.
Klaudiusz Madeja spoke to the museum's deputy director, Aleksandra Czechowicz-Woźniak, to find out more.
Click on the audio player above to listen.